Sacramento, California
June 24, 2003

Nobel Peace Laureate Dr. Norman Borlaug said during a keynote address at the Ministerial Conference and Expo on Agricultural Science and Technology that the 21st Century challenge to agriculture would be producing sufficient supplies of food to sustain the world’s continued population growth.

“The world has the technology, either available or well-advanced in the research pipeline, to feed 10
billion people,” said Borlaug. “Extending the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution will provide a better diet at lower prices to many more food-insecure people.”

According to Borlaug, agricultural scientists have the ability to meet this challenge through continued
research and development of technology, including biotechnology, that can expand the yield potential of crops to improve resistance to insects and disease, resistance to herbicides, nutritional quality and abiotic stresses. Yet he stated that some of the organizations that are influencing public policy are impeding research with fears that are unfounded in light of extensive scientific research. The results are regulation that has constrained innovation, especially in smaller laboratories, as well as a significant decline in funding for public sector research from the World Bank and many bilateral donors. Borlaug also questioned the rapid consolidation of ownership of life sciences companies and the current intellectual property system.

The Green Revolution of the 1960s, the creation of high-yield crops and more efficient farming methods, saved millions from starvation and advanced conservation of the environment. The production
of cereals, such as wheat, maize or rice, which comprise 70 percent of the world food supply, has
increased from 650 million tons in 1950 to 1,900 million tons in 2000. During this same period, the land
area under cultivation for cereals remained steady at 660 million hectares, sparing 1.1 billion hectares
from being plowed at 1950 yield levels.

While poverty is still rampant in Asia, Borlaug stated that Africa remains the region of greatest
concern. Declining soil fertility and sparse application of improved technology, coupled with the lack of
roads and transport, poor education and health services, high population growth even with the spread of HIV/AIDS, has led to continued chronic hunger for 200 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa and portends an unprecedented humanitarian crisis.

Dr. Borlaug’s leading research achievement was to hasten the perfection of dwarf spring wheat and he
received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in the developing world, primarily for reversing the
food shortages that had plagued India and Pakistan during the 1960s. Since 1986, Dr. Borlaug has been the President of the Sasakawa Africa Association, an international extension program to increase farm production in Africa, and the leader of the Sasakawa-Global 2000 agricultural program in sub-Saharan Africa. Borlaug has also been the Distinguished Professor of International Agriculture at Texas A&M University since 1984.

For additional information on the Ministerial Conference, visit: http://www.usda.gov.