Overton, Texas
February 11, 2005
The
Texas A&M University Board of
Regents has named Dr. Lloyd Nelson as the recipient of the
Regents Fellow Service Award. Nelson is an Overton-based
researcher and plant breeder with the
Texas Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Nelson is known for his work in
developing 27 wheat, oat, barley and rye and ryegrass cultivars.
One of the ryegrasses, TAM 90, is one of the most widely grown
in the United States. Two of his more recent releases, Axcella
and Panterra, both dwarf annual ryegrasses, show promise as
winter turfs for sports fields and overseeding of home lawns.
The success of TAM 90 and other
releases were due in part to their improved resistance to plant
diseases. Nelson's research was been cited by the awards
committee as an example on how to "pyramid" genes for disease
resistance.
"Pyramiding genes" is just what
it sounds like. For any trait, multiple genes are usually at
play. For example, when developing septoria-resistant wheats,
Nelson identified plants that showed tolerance during seedling
stage. Wheat seedlings were inoculated with septoria in the
greenhouse. Plants showing resistance during the latent period –
the length of time from inoculation to the first symptoms – were
selected.
Other plants were selected that
showed a longer time of first symptoms to when the septoria
fungus produces fruiting bodies. The disease spreads within the
field by when rain splashes the fruiting bodies from plant to
plant.
"What we were doing –
simplified – was lengthening the time for the disease to cycle,"
Nelson said. "By cycling, we mean that time between inoculation
to development of fruiting bodies."
A few days' difference in this
disease cycling time could make a huge difference in the
disease's effect upon wheat yield and quality, he said.
He then crossed these various
selections, stacking or "pyramiding" the different genes.
The Regents Fellow Service
Award is based on achievements spanning a career. Only two
experiment station scientists receive the award in a given year.
Among other achievements by
Nelson cited in the Regents Fellow award was his becoming
recognized worldwide for his work in breeding for wheat disease
resistance. Nelson organized the first International Septoria
Conference in 1976 and has served as a consultant for wheat
breeding programs in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile
and Bolivia. In 2004, he was invited to speak at an
international conference in China on the development of disease
resistance in a super wheat.
He has also been chosen as a
Fellow in the American Society of Agronomy and the Crop Science
Society of America.
Nelson and Nancy, his wife of
36 years, have lived in the Overton area for 29 years. They have
three adult children, Lora, Adam and Sara.
For more information on the
Texas A&M center at Overton, visit the Web site at
http://overton.tamu.edu
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