South Perth, Western Australia
March 2, 2006
Bee pollination of canola plants has been demonstrated to
increase seed and oil production by about 20 per cent.
Department
of Agriculture research officer Rob Manning said research at
a site near Wongan Hills examined the benefits of placing hives
of honeybees in canola at a density of about one hive per
hectare.
The findings will be presented at the 8th
Asian Apicultural Association Conference 2006 in Perth on 20-24
March.
The conference will bring together Asian and
Australian scientists involved in honey bee research and
beekeepers to hear about the latest industry developments.
Mr Manning said the canola research involved
placing three 100-hive apiaries in a crop of Karoo canola for a
period of 51 days, or about 90 per cent of the flowering period.
Using sample plots, plants were harvested,
measured for height, number of branches, number of pods and
total seed yield and oil content.
He said the research confirmed the use of
honeybees increased seed yield and the benefits of honeybee
pollination declined the further plants were from an apiary.
Further work confirmed that poorly pollinated
plants channelled more resources into larger seeds, while plants
benefiting from insect pollination produced more but smaller
seeds.
“The benefits to growers of insect pollination
come from higher yields through more pods per plant, more seeds
per pod and higher rates of germinability of resultant seed,” Mr
Manning said.
“In this experiment, yields of seed and oil
increased by more than 20 per cent or by 400 kilograms more seed
and 150 kilograms more oil per hectare.
“There are several explanations for the increased
yield including an enhanced production of fertile pods and thus
more seed, particularly small seed.”
Mr Manning said the distance of plants from the
apiary influenced the yield of pods with yield declining in
plots located more than 200 metres from the apiary.
“In all cases there was no difference in yield
between the 100 and 200 metre plots but yield dropped sharply at
300 metres before recovering somewhat at 400 metres,” he said.
Photo:
Researcher Rob Manning measures canola yields in the pollination
trial. |