Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India
September 18, 2009
The Director General of the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Dr William Dar, has signed the Copenhagen Communiqué on climate change joining a host of leading global institutions endorsing the initiative. Other signatories include the Adidas Group, Cable & Wireless plc, Cathay Pacific Airways, HSBC, Procter & Gamble and Swiss Re, amongst over 350 companies of all sizes and background.
The Communiqué is an initiative of HRH The Prince of Wales Corporate Leaders Group (CLG) on Climate change, University of Cambridge program for sustainability leadership. It is set to become the definitive statement from the international business community ahead of the crucial United Nations negotiations on climate change in Copenhagen this December.
The Communiqué, which is being issued by a large number of global institutions, calls for an ambitious, robust and equitable global deal on climate change that responds credibly to the scale and urgency of the crises facing the world today. The CLG will launch the Communiqué to the international media in the week commencing 21 September, and this Group aims to hand it personally to Mr Ban Ki-Moon (Secretary General of the United Nations) at a public event in New York in advance of the Copenhagen Summit.
The UN's Copenhagen Summit seeks to establish an effective, consistent set of climate goals, by integrating the insights of policy makers, academics, business leaders and environmentalists alike, following similar talks in Bali in 2007 and Poznan in 2008.
ICRISAT is delighted to be a signatory of the Communiqué as the geographical area where ICRISAT works is the semi-arid tropics of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where one-sixth of the world’s population and more than 500 million of the world’s poorest people live. With climate change, the farmers of these regions will have to deal with delayed sowing, changes in cropping patterns, higher pest and disease incidence, frequent and persistent droughts, less water and less crop production leading to decreased incomes. Ultimately, they will be forced to shift towards non-farm occupations or migrate elsewhere as environmental refugees.
Dr Dar affirms, “ICRISAT is well placed to respond to this challenge. Along with our partners, we recognize the importance of the issue and firmly believe that our approach will benefit the livelihoods of communities who are the most vulnerable to climate change.”
ICRISAT’s research is focused on crops that are important for the livelihoods of the people in the dryland areas. They are pearl millet, sorghum, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut. These crops have several natural evolutionary advantages for the global warming scenarios. Both pearl millet and sorghum have high levels of salinity and heat tolerance, and hence are better adapted to areas that are likely to become saline due to global warming.
ICRISAT’S three-fold strategy
ICRISAT’s plan to deal with climate change has a three-fold objective. In the short- to medium-term, the focus is to help dryland farmers’ deal with current weather and rainfall variabilities. In the medium- to long-term the focus is to develop crop varieties that will be adapted to a water-scarce and warmer world.
ICRISAT considers that improving crops to better adapt to climate change is the key to dealing with the future. For a successful strategy there is need for early planning, flexibility and dynamism in research, making the best use of information and developing strong and effective partnerships with institutions to deliver the best research products for the farmers.
Modeling studies carried out at ICRISAT show that there would be a drop in agricultural productivity with climate change in the semi-arid tropics. However, with a combination of climate change-ready varieties plus improved agronomic practices, the empowered dryland farmer will be able to almost overcome the adverse impact of a warmer world.
Enhancing adaptability of mandate crops
It is here that ICRISAT’s research on enhancing the adaptability of its mandate crops to climate change becomes important.
The key factors of adaptability that are being built into ICRISAT’s crop improvement research are: developing varieties with high temperature tolerance, ability to deal with both decreased and increased soil moisture conditions, and changed distribution and severity of pests and diseases. Since there is also a possibility of ICRISAT’s mandate crops migrating to new geographical areas due to climate change, researchers are also trying to include this implication while developing improved varieties.
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