A ProMED-mail post <http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases <http://www.isid.org>
Date: Fri 1 Sep 2017 11:37 PM CDT
Source: Reuters [edited]
<http://tinyurl.com/yd26gesw>
This year's [2017] outbreak of wheat streak mosaic virus in Kansas was the worst since 2006, according to Kansas State University. The disease also struck parts of Oklahoma, Nebraska, and Colorado [in the] US Plains [region]. Kansas could face hefty yield losses from a virus that cost it nearly 6 per cent of production, valued at USD 76.8 million.
The virus is spread by mites that thrive on "volunteer wheat" that sprout from kernels left after harvest. Farmers need to kill those plants with herbicide 2 weeks before they plant the crop. Not enough farmers did so last year [2016]. Low [grain] prices may have discouraged growers from spending money to eradicate volunteer wheat.
"If it happens again, there has got to be a monetary penalty attached," [a farmer] said.
The Kansas Wheat Commission, Kansas State University and the Kansas Department of Agriculture launched a campaign called "Stop the Streak" to educate farmers.
[Byline: Julie Ingwersen]
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Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[_Wheat streak mosaic virus_ (WSMV; genus _Tritimovirus_) can infect wheat, maize (some cultivars), grasses, as well as oats and barley in experimental inoculations. Heavy WSMV infection can cause complete crop failure in wheat. Symptoms usually appear in warmer weather and may include yellow blotches, streaks and mottling on leaves, as well as severe stunting, excessive tillering, and possibly death of plants.
WSMV has also been reported as synergistic partner, in the Americas and Europe, to cause maize lethal necrosis (MLN) in co-infection with _Maize chlorotic mottle virus_ (MCMV, genus _Machlomovirus_, transmitted by chrysomelid beetles).
WSMV is spread by the wheat curl mite _Aceria tosichella_. Larvae acquire the virus by feeding on infected plants and remain infectious for approximately a week. Field distribution of symptoms is closely related to the dispersal of the vector; for example, margins of fields are often affected first. The virus is not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector. WSMV can also be mechanically transmitted and seed transmitted at a low level. Control of the mite vector is difficult but disease management may include controlling volunteer wheat and grassy weeds to minimise inoculum from the previous season via a 'green bridge'.
Maps
USA:
<http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-state-and-capital-map.html> and <http://healthmap.org/promed/p/219>
US regions:
<https://i.pinimg.com/originals/27/59/34/275934de7de52a93fff05c42d8903151.jpg>
Pictures
WSMV leaf symptoms:
<http://bulletin.ipm.illinois.edu/photos/wheat_streak_mosaic_2011.jpg>,
<https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/images/06-09-16/knodel-1.png>,
<http://agrilifecdn.tamu.edu/plantpathresearch/files/2014/03/disease_gradients.jpg>
and
<http://tinyurl.com/y84c7snt>
Wheat curl mite:
<http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/research/2004/wheat/image/volunteer3.jpg>
and
<http://tinyurl.com/y8xpfbx4>
Links
Additional news stories:
<http://www.hutchnews.com/news/20170821/wheat-streak-mosaic-hits-farmers-for-76-million>
and
<https://tinyurl.com/y875kwlz>
WSMV and vector information:
<http://oak.ppws.vt.edu/stromberg/w_streak_mosaic.html>,
<http://ipm.illinois.edu/diseases/series100/rpd120/index.html>,
<https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/research/2004/wheat/>,
<http://tinyurl.com/y76nsvvy>, and via
<http://tinyurl.com/yaqk32r7>
WSMV description:
<http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=393>
Information on maize lethal necrosis:
<http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/emergencies/docs/MLND%20Snapshot_FINAL.pdf>,
and
<http://www.plantwise.org/knowledgebank/datasheet.aspx?dsid=119663>
Virus taxonomy via:
<https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/>
Wheat curl mite molecular taxonomy:
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23156180>
- Mod.DHA]
[See Also:
Wheat viruses - USA: (KS) http://promedmail.org/post/20170526.5063886
2016
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Wheat streak mosaic virus - Canada: (AB)
http://promedmail.org/post/20160711.4336979
Wheat streak mosaic virus - USA: (MT)
http://promedmail.org/post/20160114.3937362
2011
----
Wheat streak mosaic virus - USA: (IL)
http://promedmail.org/post/20110422.1252
2010
----
Wheat streak mosaic & barley yellow dwarf, wheat - USA
http://promedmail.org/post/20100511.1529
2009
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Wheat viruses - USA: (MT) http://promedmail.org/post/20091026.3698
Wheat streak mosaic virus - USA: (ND) increase
http://promedmail.org/post/20090907.3148
Wheat viruses - New Zealand: 1st reports
http://promedmail.org/post/20090412.1402
2007
----
Wheat streak mosaic virus - Australia (TAS)
http://promedmail.org/post/20070928.3211
Stripe rust, wheat & wheat streak mosaic - Australia (SA, WA)
http://promedmail.org/post/20070830.2860
Wheat diseases - USA (KS): crop loss
http://promedmail.org/post/20070518.1574
and older items on wheat streak mosaic virus in the archives]
Topics
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