College Station, Texas
March 9, 2006
Less regulation will allow public
entities, including universities, to pursue more transgenic crop
research, which will help reduce the number of diseases found in
plants, a researcher said Wednesday.
"The impact of regulatory costs on getting a transgenic crop to
the field and commercialized is very high," said Dr. Roger
Beachy, president of the
Danforth Plant Science Center.
With commercialization costs of $1 million to $50 million, most
research investment is spent on high-return crops, such as
cotton, corn and soybeans, Beachy said.
"But the small crops that are important to Texas and California,
like vegetables, they are mostly locally-grown produce and are
inaccessible," he said.
Beachy was the keynote speaker at the Molecular and
Environmental Plant Sciences Symposium at
Texas A&M University.
The high cost for commercialization "prices us from
participating in this sector," Beachy said. This means bacterial
diseases and fungi on smaller-return crops will continue to be
treated by chemical pesticides.
"We are being hamstrung, I think, by current policies on
regulation and the cost that regulation imposes," he said.
"Don't get me wrong, regulation is important, but let's do it
with a sense of what agriculture is and can be, and how
biotechnology can play an important role.
"We don't want to expose the public to danger; that's not my
point. My point is there are some things out there that we know
are safe ... these are genes moved from one plant to another
plant. There's a great opportunity for plant biologists and
biotechnologists such as those within the Texas A&M University
System to contribute."
Beachy, who in the 1980s pioneered the development of
virus-resistance in plants through the use of transgenic
technology, continues to examine protein movement in tobacco
mosaic virus.
Another area of his research is mechanisms which express viral
coat proteins responsible for disease-resistance in transgenic
plants.
His discoveries in the 1980s were part of an effort to combat
tobacco streak virus in India's transgenic groundnuts. The
disease has also affected cotton, marigolds, okra and
sunflowers, he said.
"It looks like this 20-year-old technology will be useful in
India, and it does it in a setting where it will affect up to 20
million farmers," he said.
Beachy said his approach to studying viruses transmitted in
transgenic plants is to fully understand what the pathogen does.
"Otherwise, you're taking a shotgun approach," he said.
Writer: Blair Fannin |